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FAQ - Personal Pronouns Cases
Frequently asked questions: Personal Pronouns Cases in German.
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Which word correctly identifies the subject of the sentence?
For example - "Er öffnet das Buch und beginnt die komplizierten Texte zu lesen."
In this context, 'Er' is a personal pronoun used in the nominative case, indicating the subject of the sentence, translated as 'He' in English. The pronoun 'Er' is essential here as it refers to a specific male subject who is performing the action. All the other options are personal pronouns as well but in different forms such as 'Ihr' (You - formal), 'Du' (You - informal) and 'Es' (It), and would not fit in this sentence gramatically.
What is the Dative Case form of 'Ich' Personal Pronoun?
For example - "Könntest du mir bitte das Salz reichen?"
The dative case form of the personal pronoun 'ich' (you) is 'mir'. In the sentence "Könntest du mir bitte das Salz reichen?" ('Could you please me pass the salt?'), 'mir' is used as the indirect object, receiving the action of the verb. Here, the verb 'reichen' (to pass) requires an indirect object to indicate to whom the salt is passed. 'Ich' changes to 'mir' in the dative case to reflect this role.
What is the Genitive form of "Der" for the noun "Vater" in German?
For example - "Das ist das Auto des Vaters."
The definite article for masculine nouns in the genitive case is "des." Therefore, the sentence should be "Das ist das Auto des Vaters," which translates to "That is the father's car" in English.
What is the Genitive Case form of 'Ihr' Personal Pronoun?
For example - "Das ist die Tasche ihrer Freundin."
The genitive case form of the possessive pronoun 'ihr' (her) corresponding to a feminine noun is 'ihrer'. In the sentence 'Das ist die Tasche ihrer Freundin', 'ihrer' is used to show possession, indicating that the friend is the owner of the bag. 'Ihr' changes to 'ihrer' in the genitive case to express this possession. Fun fact - if it was 'Ihrer' (with the first letter capitalized) then it would mean 'your' (format) not 'her'!
What is the Genitive Case form of 'Mein' Personal Pronoun?
For example - "Der Hund meines Nachbarn ist sehr freundlich"
The genitive case form of the possessive pronoun 'mein' (my) corresponding to a masculine or neuter noun is 'meines'. In the sentence 'Der Hund meines Nachbarn ist sehr freundlich', 'meines' is used to show possession, indicating that the neighbor is the owner of the dog. 'Mein' changes to 'meines' in the genitive case to express this possession.
What is the Genitive Case form of 'Mein' for a Feminim Noun?
For example - "Das ist das Haus meiner Schwester."
The genitive case form of the possessive pronoun 'mein' (my) corresponding to a feminine noun is 'meiner'. In the sentence, "Das ist das Haus meiner Schwester," the word 'meiner' is showcasing possession, translating to 'That is the house of my sister' in English.
What is the Genitive Case form of the Possessive Pronoun 'sein'?
For example - "Die Katze seiner Schwester ist süß."
The genitive case form of the possessive adjective 'sein' corresponding to a feminine noun is 'seiner'. In the sentence 'Die Katze seiner Schwester ist süß', 'seiner' is used to show possession, indicating that the sister is the owner of the cat. The noun 'Schwester' is feminine and singular; therefore, 'sein' takes the form 'seiner' to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it modifies.
What is the Dative Case form of 'Er' Personal Pronoun?
For example - "Ich helfe ihm immer, wenn er Hilfe braucht."
The dative case form of the personal pronoun 'er' (he) is 'ihm'. In the sentence, 'ihm' is used as the indirect object, receiving the action of the verb. 'Er' changes to 'ihm' in the dative case to reflect its role as the recipient of the action in the sentence.
What is the Accusative Case form of 'Er' Personal Pronoun?
For example - "Siehst du ihn da drüben?"
The accusative form of the personal pronoun 'er' (he) is 'ihn'. In the sentence "Siehst du ihn da drüben?" 'ihn' is used as the direct object, being the person seen (the one affected by the action of the verb). Here, the verb 'sehen' (to see) requires a direct object to complete its sense. 'Er' changes to 'ihn' in the accusative case to reflect this role.
What is the Dative Case form of 'Ich' Personal Pronoun?
For example - "Die Mutter kauft mir ein Geschenk"
The dative case of the personal pronoun 'ich' (I) is 'mir'. In the sentence "Die Mutter kauft mir ein Geschenk," 'mir' is used as the indirect object, receiving the action of the verb. Here, the verb 'kaufen' (to buy) requires an indirect object to indicate to whom the gift is bought. 'Ich' changes to 'mir' in the dative case to reflect its role as the recipient of the action in the sentence.